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       คำในภาษาอังกฤษที่มีความหมายเหมือนกันหรือคล้ายกัน ใช้แทนกันได้ เรียกว่า synonym
       ที่มีความหมายตรงกันข้าม หรือเกือบจะตรงกันข้าม เรียกว่า antonym
       แต่นี่เป็นการสรุปหยาบ ๆ เท่านั้น เพราะรายละเอียดที่ควรรู้เพิ่มเติมก็คือ
[1] คำแต่ละคำมักมีหลายความหมาย และเมื่อพูดว่า 2 คำนี้มีความหมายเหมือนกัน ก็หมายถึงบางความหมายเท่านั้น เช่น
right เป็น adjective แปลว่า ขวา หรือ ถูกต้อง
right (ขวา) ตรงข้ามกับ left
right (ถูกต้อง) ตรงข้ามกับ wrong
[2] แม้แต่คำที่มีความหมายเหมือน ๆ กัน มันก็ไม่ได้เหมือนกันเด๊ะ มันยังเหลื่อมกันอยู่บ้าง ไม่มากก็น้อย ที่เรียกว่า shade of meaning หรือต่างกันตรงการใช้ เช่น เป็นคำที่ใช้ในลักษณะ formal หรือ informal, ใช้ในภาษาพูด - spoken หรือภาษาเขียน - written มากกว่ากัน, เป็นคำธรรมดา หรือคำโบราณที่ไม่ค่อยมีคนใช้ หรือคำในวรรณคดี, หรือเป็นคำชาวบ้านหรือศัพท์วิชาการหรือศัพท์เทคนิค ฯลฯ ที่พูดมานี่ก็เพื่อจะสรุปว่า ลำพังคำแปลที่ให้ไว้ใน ดิก อังกฤษ - ไทย มันอาจจะให้ข้อมูลไม่พอ ควรจะไปหาเพิ่มโดยดูที่ 1.Definition -คำจำกัดความ 2.sentence example - ประโยคตัวอย่าง ที่ดิกอังกฤษ - อังกฤษ  
[3] แต่เอาเข้าจริง ๆ แล้ว แม้ Definition และ Example จากดิกอังกฤษ-อังกฤษจะช่วยเราได้เยอะ แต่การ "เข้าใจ" และ "ใช้เป็น" จะต้องมาจากการอ่านข่าว, อ่าน story, อ่านบทความ ภาษาอังกฤษเยอะ ๆ จนเราค่อย ๆ เห็นความแตกต่างของความหมายและการใช้ศัพท์พื้นฐานพวกนี้ โดยไม่ต้องเปิดดิก
       ผมขอยกตัวอย่างนี้แล้วกันครับ เราคนไทย เราเข้าใจความแตกต่างของความหมายของศัพท์ในด้านบวกพวกนี้และรู้ว่าควรจะใช้เมื่อไร คือคำว่า ดี, งาม, สวย, เหมาะ, ใช้ได้, เข้าท่า, เยี่ยม, ยอด, เลิศ, ล้ำ, พิเศษ, มงคล, อภิ-, ยิ่ง ฯลฯ ทั้ง ๆ ที่เราไม่เคยเปิดพจนานุกรมดูความหมายของมันเลย ศัพท์ภาษาอังกฤษก็เช่นเดียวกัน

       การฝึกตามข้อ [2] นั้น "มีประโยชน์" แต่การฝึกในข้อ [3] นี้ "จำเป็น" และ "ขาดไม่ได้"
       กลุ่มศัพท์ synonym และ antonym ข้างล่างนี้ ผมนำมาฝากให้ท่านศึกษาเล่น ๆ ตามการฝึกตามข้อ [2] โดยให้ท่าน...

{1} ไฮไลท์คำศัพท์

{2} คลิก Definition

{3} ศึกษาทั้ง 3 อย่างไปพร้อม ๆ กัน คือ คำแปลเป็นภาษาไทย, Defition ภาษาอังกฤษ, ประโยคหรือวลีตัวอย่างภาษาอังกฤษ

       ผมเชื่อว่า การฝึกอย่างนี้จะช่วยให้ท่านใกล้ชิดคำศัพท์มากขึ้น
พิพัฒน์
https://www.facebook.com/En4Th/ 

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ที่มา http://www.smart-words.org/list-of-synonyms/

List of Synonyms

• Action
  • Come — advance, approach, arrive, near, reach
  • Go — depart, disappear, fade, move, proceed, recede, travel
  • Run — dash, escape, elope, flee, hasten, hurry, race, rush, speed, sprint
  • Hurry — rush, run, speed, race, hasten, urge, accelerate, bustle
  • Hide — conceal, cover, mask, cloak, camouflage, screen, shroud, veil
  • Move — plod, go, creep, crawl, inch, poke, drag, toddle, shuffle, trot, dawdle, walk, traipse, mosey, jog, plug, trudge, slump, lumber, trail, lag, run, sprint, trip, bound, hotfoot, high-tail, streak, stride, tear, breeze, whisk, rush, dash, dart, bolt, fling, scamper, scurry, skedaddle, scoot, scuttle, scramble, race, chase, hasten, hurry, hump, gallop, lope, accelerate, stir, budge, travel, wander, roam, journey, trek, ride, spin, slip, glide, slide, slither, coast, flow, sail, saunter, hobble, amble, stagger, paddle, slouch, prance, straggle, meander, perambulate, waddle, wobble, pace, swagger, promenade, lunge
  • Do — execute, enact, carry out, finish, conclude, effect, accomplish, achieve, attain
  • Have — hold, possess, own, contain, acquire, gain, maintain, believe, bear, beget, occupy, absorb, fill, enjoy
  • Use — employ, utilize, exhaust, spend, expend, consume, exercise
  • Get — acquire, obtain, secure, procure, gain, fetch, find, score, accumulate, win, earn, rep, catch, net, bag, derive, collect, gather, glean, pick up, accept, come by, regain, salvage
  • Keep — hold, retain, withhold, preserve, maintain, sustain, support
  • Put — place, set, attach, establish, assign, keep, save, set aside, effect, achieve, do, build
  • Take — hold, catch, seize, grasp, win, capture, acquire, pick, choose, select, prefer, remove, steal, lift, rob, engage, bewitch, purchase, buy, retract, recall, assume, occupy, consume
  • Make — create, originate, invent, beget, form, construct, design, fabricate, manufacture, produce, build, develop, do, effect, execute, compose, perform, accomplish, earn, gain, obtain, acquire, get
  • Break — fracture, rupture, shatter, smash, wreck, crash, demolish, atomize
  • Destroy — ruin, demolish, raze, waste, kill, slay, end, extinguish
  • Kill — slay, execute, assassinate, murder, destroy, cancel, abolish
  • Cut — gash, slash, prick, nick, sever, slice, carve, cleave, slit, chop, crop, lop, reduce
  • Fall — drop, descend, plunge, topple, tumble
  • Fly — soar, hover, flit, wing, flee, waft, glide, coast, skim, sail, cruise
  • Decide — determine, settle, choose, resolve
  • Help — aid, assist, support, encourage, back, wait on, attend, serve, relieve, succor, benefit, befriend, abet
  • Mark — label, tag, price, ticket, impress, effect, trace, imprint, stamp, brand, sign, note, heed, notice, designate
  • Plan — plot, scheme, design, draw, map, diagram, procedure, arrangement, intention, device, contrivance, method, way, blueprint
  • Show — display, exhibit, present, note, point to, indicate, explain, reveal, prove, demonstrate, expose
• Antonyms
  • Begin — start, open, launch, initiate, commence, inaugurate, originate
  • End — stop, finish, terminate, conclude, close, halt, cessation, discontinuance, cease, halt, stay, pause, discontinue, conclude, finish, quit
  • Big — large, enormous, huge, immense, gigantic, vast, colossal, gargantuan, sizable, grand, great, tall, substantial, mammoth, astronomical, ample, broad, expansive, spacious, stout, tremendous, titanic, mountainous
  • Little — small, tiny, diminutive, shrimp, runt, miniature, puny, exiguous, dinky, cramped, limited, itsy-bitsy, microscopic, slight, petite, minute
  • New — fresh, unique, original, unusual, novel, modern, current, recent
  • Old — feeble, frail, ancient, weak, aged, used, worn, dilapidated, ragged, faded, broken-down, former, old-fashioned, outmoded, passe, veteran, mature, venerable, primitive, traditional, archaic, conventional, customary, stale, musty, obsolete, extinct
  • False — wrong, fake, fraudulent, counterfeit, spurious, untrue, unfounded, erroneous, deceptive, groundless, fallacious, incorrect, inaccurate, mistaken, erroneous, improper, unsuitable
  • True — right, accurate, proper, precise, exact, valid, genuine, real, actual, trusty, steady, loyal, dependable, sincere, staunch, correct, accurate, factual, true, good, just, honest, upright, lawful, moral, proper, suitable, apt, legal, fair
  • Fast — quick, rapid, speedy, fleet, hasty, snappy, mercurial, swiftly, rapidly, quickly, snappily, speedily, lickety-split, posthaste, hastily, expeditiously, like a flash
  • Slow — unhurried, gradual, leisurely, late, behind, tedious, slack
  • Cool — chilly, cold, frosty, wintry, icy, frigid
  • Hot — feverish, warm, heated, sweltering, torrid, equatorial, tropical, erotic, passionate, spicy, peppery, pungent, sharp tangy, tart, fiery, flaming, sizzling, charged, burning, seared, chafed´, inflamed, irritated, red, smarting, stinging
  • Quiet — silent, still, soundless, mute, tranquil, peaceful, calm, restful, hushed, inaudible 
    reticent, reserved, taciturn, secretive, uncommunicative, tightlipped
  • Noisy — loudly, earsplitting, stentorian, strident, clamorous, boisterous, clangorous, deafening, roisterous, uproarious, pandemoniac
  • All — complete, entire, full, gross, outright, perfect, total, utter, whole, any, complete, every, sum, totality, each and every, every bit of, bar none, every single, everything, everyone
  • None — nothing, nobody, no one, zero, zilch, no one at all, no part, not a bit, not a soul, not a thing, not any, not anyone, not anything, not one, nonexistent, null 
    nadir, nil, naught, void, nada, blank, nix
  • Normal — daily, traditional, familiar, routine, proper, ordinary, typical, everyday, usual, commonplace, natural, classic, standard, general, bona fide, established, habitual, orthodox, prevalent, run-of-the-mill, time-honored, unvarying, average, conventional, customary, common, regular, garden-variety, household, plain, simple, balanced
  • Strange — abnormal, aberrant, anomalous, bent, bizarre, deviant, queer, eccentric, freakish, fanatical, odd, eerie, peculiar, weird, unorthodox, nonstandard, atypical, different, irregular, nonconforming, offbeat, unusual, extraordinary, insane, irrational, disorderly, rare, exceptional, extreme, outlandish
• Descriptive
  • Describe — portray, characterize, picture, narrate, relate, recount, represent, report, record
  • Difference — disagreement, inequity, contrast, dissimilarity, incompatibility
  • Explain — elaborate, clarify, define, interpret, justify, account for
  • Idea — thought, concept, conception, notion, understanding, opinion, plan, view, belief
  • Look — gaze, see, glance, watch, survey, study, seek, search for, peek, peep, glimpse, stare, contemplate, examine, gape, ogle, scrutinize, inspect, leer, behold, observe, view, witness, perceive, spy, sight, discover, notice, recognize, peer, eye, gawk, peruse, explore
  • Story — tale, myth, legend, fable, yarn, account, narrative, chronicle, epic, sage, anecdote, record, memoir
  • Tell — disclose, reveal, show, expose, uncover, relate, narrate, inform, advise, explain, divulge, declare, command, order, bid, recount, repeat
  • Think — judge, deem, assume, believe, consider, contemplate, reflect, mediate
• Feelings
  • Anger — enrage, infuriate, arouse, nettle, exasperate, inflame, madden
  • Angry — mad, furious, enraged, excited, wrathful, indignant, exasperated, aroused, inflamed
  • Calm — quiet, peaceful, still, tranquil, mild, serene, smooth, composed, collected, unruffled, level-headed, unexcited, detached, aloof
  • Eager — keen, fervent, enthusiastic, involved, interested, alive to
  • Fear — fright, dread, terror, alarm, dismay, anxiety, scare, awe, horror, panic, apprehension
  • Happy — pleased, contented, satisfied, delighted, elated, joyful, cheerful, ecstatic, jubilant, gay, tickled, gratified, glad, blissful, overjoyed
  • Hate — despise, loathe, detest, abhor, disfavor, dislike, disapprove, abominate
  • Love — like, admire, esteem, fancy, care for, cherish, adore, treasure, worship, appreciate, savor
  • Moody — temperamental, changeable, short-tempered, glum, morose, sullen, mopish, irritable, testy, peevish, fretful, spiteful, sulky, touchy
  • Sad — miserable, uncomfortable, wretched, heart-broken, unfortunate, poor, downhearted, sorrowful, depressed, dejected, melancholy, glum, gloomy, dismal, discouraged, unhappy
  • Scared — afraid, frightened, alarmed, terrified, panicked, fearful, unnerved, insecure, timid, shy, skittish, jumpy, disquieted, worried, vexed, troubled, disturbed, horrified, terrorized, shocked, petrified, haunted, timorous, shrinking, tremulous, stupefied, paralyzed, stunned, apprehensive
• Negative
  • Awful — dreadful, terrible, abominable, bad, poor, unpleasant
  • Bad — evil, immoral, wicked, corrupt, sinful, depraved, rotten, contaminated, spoiled, tainted, harmful, injurious, unfavorable, defective, inferior, imperfect, substandard, faulty, improper, inappropriate, unsuitable, disagreeable, unpleasant, cross, nasty, unfriendly, irascible, horrible, atrocious, outrageous, scandalous, infamous, wrong, noxious, sinister, putrid, snide, deplorable, dismal, gross, heinous, nefarious, base, obnoxious, detestable, despicable, contemptible, foul, rank, ghastly, execrable
  • Crooked — bent, twisted, curved, hooked, zigzag
  • Dangerous — perilous, hazardous, risky, uncertain, unsafe
  • Dark — shadowy, unlit, murky, gloomy, dim, dusky, shaded, sunless, black, dismal, sad
  • Dull — boring, tiring,, tiresome, uninteresting, slow, dumb, stupid, unimaginative, lifeless, dead, insensible, tedious, wearisome, listless, expressionless, plain, monotonous, humdrum, dreary
  • Fat — stout, corpulent, fleshy, beefy, paunchy, plump, full, rotund, tubby, pudgy, chubby, chunky, burly, bulky, elephantine
  • Gross — improper, rude, coarse, indecent, crude, vulgar, outrageous, extreme, grievous, shameful, uncouth, obscene, low
  • Hurt — damage, harm, injure, wound, distress, afflict, pain
  • Lazy — indolent, slothful, idle, inactive, sluggish
  • Predicament — quandary, dilemma, pickle, problem, plight, spot, scrape, jam
  • Trouble — distress, anguish, anxiety, worry, wretchedness, pain, danger, peril, disaster, grief, misfortune, difficulty, concern, pains, inconvenience, exertion, effort
  • Ugly — hideous, frightful, frightening, shocking, horrible, unpleasant, monstrous, terrifying, gross, grisly, ghastly, horrid, unsightly, plain, homely, evil, repulsive, repugnant, gruesome
• Positive
  • Amazing — incredible, unbelievable, improbable, fabulous, wonderful, fantastic, astonishing, astounding, extraordinary
  • Beautiful — pretty, lovely, handsome, attractive, gorgeous, dazzling, splendid, magnificent, comely, fair, ravishing, graceful, elegant, fine, exquisite, aesthetic, pleasing, shapely, delicate, stunning, glorious, heavenly, resplendent, radiant, glowing, blooming, sparkling
  • Brave — courageous, fearless, dauntless, intrepid, plucky, daring, heroic, valorous, audacious, bold, gallant, valiant, doughty, mettlesome
  • Bright — shining, shiny, gleaming, brilliant, sparkling, shimmering, radiant, vivid, colorful, lustrous, luminous, incandescent, intelligent, knowing, quick-witted, smart, intellectual
  • Delicious — savory, delectable, appetizing, luscious, scrumptious, palatable, delightful, enjoyable, toothsome, exquisite
  • Enjoy — appreciate, delight in, be pleased, indulge in, luxuriate in, bask in, relish, devour, savor, like
  • Famous — well-known, renowned, celebrated, famed, eminent, illustrious, distinguished, noted, notorious
  • Funny — humorous, amusing, droll, comic, comical, laughable, silly
  • Good — excellent, fine, superior, wonderful, marvelous, qualified, suited, suitable, apt, proper, capable, generous, kindly, friendly, gracious, obliging, pleasant, agreeable, pleasurable, satisfactory, well-behaved, obedient, honorable, reliable, trustworthy, safe, favorable, profitable, advantageous, righteous, expedient, helpful, valid, genuine, ample, salubrious, estimable, beneficial, splendid, great, noble, worthy, first-rate, top-notch, grand, sterling, superb, respectable, edifying
  • Great — noteworthy, worthy, distinguished, remarkable, grand, considerable, powerful, much, mighty
  • Mischievous — prankish, playful, naughty, roguish, waggish, impish, sportive
  • Neat — clean, orderly, tidy, trim, dapper, natty, smart, elegant, well-organized, super, desirable, spruce, shipshape, well-kept, shapely
  • Popular — well-liked, approved, accepted, favorite, celebrated, common, current
• Talk / Speech
  • Answer — reply, respond, retort, acknowledge
  • Ask — question, inquire of, seek information from, put a question to, demand, request, expect, inquire, query, interrogate, examine, quiz
  • Cry — shout, yell, yowl, scream, roar, bellow, weep, wail, sob, bawl
  • Say/Tell — inform, notify, advise, relate, recount, narrate, explain, reveal, disclose, divulge, declare, command, order, bid, enlighten, instruct, insist, teach, train, direct, issue, remark, converse, speak, affirm, suppose, utter, negate, express, verbalize, voice, articulate, pronounce, deliver, convey, impart, assert, state, allege, mutter, mumble, whisper, sigh, exclaim, yell, sing, yelp, snarl, hiss, grunt, snort, roar, bellow, thunder, boom, scream, shriek, screech, squawk, whine, philosophize, stammer, stutter, lisp, drawl, jabber, protest, announce, swear, vow, content, assure, deny, dispute
  • Mean (Something) — add up to, affect, be important, be of value, be substantive, carry weight, connote, count, denote, express, imply, intend, involve, signify, spell, stand for, suggest, value, weigh in,
• Unsorted
  • Somewhat — a little, sort of, kind of, a bit, relatively, slightly, moderately, to some extent / degree , reasonably, partially, more or less, not much
    rather, quite, fairly, by a long shot, by far, rather, significantly, well
  • Somehow — in a way, virtually, to a certain extent, in some measure, to some extent, to a certain degree, quasi , in a manner of speaking, effectively 
    anyhow, anyway, anywise, by hook or by crook, another, howsoever, in any way, somehow or other, someway, by some means
  • Definite — certain, sure, positive, determined, clear, distinct, obvious
  • Fair — just, impartial, unbiased, objective, unprejudiced, honest
  • Important — necessary, vital, critical, indispensable, valuable, essential, significant, primary, principal, considerable, famous, distinguished, notable, well-known
  • Interesting — fascinating, engaging, sharp, keen, bright, intelligent, animated, spirited, attractive, inviting, intriguing, provocative, thought-provoking, challenging, inspiring, involving, moving, titillating, tantalizing, exciting, entertaining, piquant, lively, racy, spicy, engrossing, absorbing, consuming, gripping, arresting, enthralling, spellbinding, curious, captivating, enchanting, bewitching, appealing
  • Part — portion, share, piece, allotment, section, fraction, fragment
  • Place — space, area, spot, plot, region, location, situation, position, residence, dwelling, set, site, station, status, state

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